Design of an endoscopic solo surgery simulator for quantitative evaluation of the human–machine interface in robotic camera positioning systems
Atsushi Nishikawa, Daiji Negoro, Haruhiko Kakutani, Fumio Miyazaki, Mitsugu Sekimoto, Masayoshi Yasui, Shuji Takiguchi, Morito Monden · Advanced Robotics · 2003
An endoscopic solo surgery simulator was designed to quantitatively evaluate the human-machine interface in robotic camera positioning systems. Our simulator can assess not only the quantitative efficiency of laparoscopic cameraworks but also the influence of cameraworks upon the accuracy of surgical actions. Two human-machine interfaces (a face motion navigation system and a voice activated system) were developed and compared. As a result, the face control interface was more efficient in cameraworks than the voice control, even under a stress to control the instruments. However, it was also found that the face motion may have an adverse influence on precise surgical actions.