On speech features fusion, α-integration Gaussian modeling and multi-style training for noise robust speaker classification
A. Venturini, Leonardo Zão, R. Coelho · IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing · 2014
This paper investigates the fusion of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and statistical pH features to improve the performance of speaker verification (SV) in non-stationary noise conditions. The$\alpha $-integrated Gaussian Mixture Model ($\alpha $-GMM) classifier is adopted for speaker modeling. Two different approaches are applied to reduce the effects of noise corruption in the SV task: speech enhancement and multi-style training (MT). The spectral subtraction with minimum statistics (MS/SS) and the optimally-modified log-spectral amplitude with improved minima controlled recursive averaging (IMCRA/OMLSA) are examined for the speech enhancement procedure. The MT techniques are based on colored (Colored-MT), white (White-MT) and narrow-band (Narrow-MT) noises. Six real non-stationary noises, collected from different acoustic sources, are used to corrupt the TIMIT speech database in four different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The index of non-stationarity (INS) is chosen for the stationarity tests of the acoustic noises. Complementary SV experiments are conducted in realistic noisy conditions using the MIT database. The results show that the best SV accuracy was obtained with the MFCC + pH features fusion, the MS/SS and the Colored-MT.