Graal and truffle
Thomas Würthinger · 2014
Multi-language runtimes providing simultaneously high performance for several programming languages still remain an illusion. Industrial-strength managed language runtimes are built with a focus on one language (e.g., Java or C#). Other languages may compile to the bytecode formats of those managed language runtimes. However, the performance characteristics of the bytecode generation approach are often lagging behind compared to language runtimes specialized for a specific language. The performance of JavaScript is for example still orders of magnitude better on specialized runtimes (e.g., V8 or SpiderMonkey).