Teaching simulators or ideal teaching machines
Theodore D. Sterling, Seymour V. Pollack · ACM SIGCSE Bulletin · 1974
The process of presenting and reinforcing fundamental concepts and ideas for computer science at the introductory level is impeded by the ever increasing distance between the machine and the student. One very effective way to circumvent the intervening software is to start students on an Ideal Teaching Machine or simulated computers that possess a limited but effective instruction set. A number of ITMs have been designed aimed at various levels of instruction. This paper surveys the major ITMs in use.