Stored logic computing
H. M. Semarne, William C. Mcgee · 1961
Computers respond to many programming languages. Instruction formats of different computers differ from one another. The instruction list of a given computer presents a variety of instruction types and grades. Moreover, every computer can be addressed in as many languages as there are applications and levels of sophistication. For efficient computer use, the quality by which a computer language must be judged is its degree of abstraction with respect to the machine logic. Such abstraction tends ideally toward natural human language. The programming convenience due to the use of an abstraction is usually counter-balanced by a proportionate loss of operating efficiency.