Performance study of node placement for geographic routing in WSNs
A. M. Popescu, Gabriel Ion Tudorache, Andrew H. Kemp · 2011
WSN routing performance can be affected by how nodes are placed in the given network surface. This paper presents a performance study of geographic routing in WSNs when different network topologies are employed for a forest fire prevention application scenario. A MATLAB simulation script has been developed for this research. Packet forwarding employs geographic routing based on progress towards destination. The simulator considers a realistic channel with a log normal shadowing model. Neighbor detection is performed by calculating the received signal power and the SNR. The studied topologies are Uniform Deterministic (Grid), Uniform Random (Constant Placement), Simple Diffusion (Gaussian), Pareto, Stensor and StensorX. The network performance is analyzed with respect to packet delivery ratio, average number of hops per packet, delay and energy consumption caused by MAC retrials. Routing failures are analyzed as well as their possible causes. Simulations are run for various network densities in a reasonable forest sized area and show which topology performs better with geographic routing in the particular scenario presented here.