Multipath TDOA and FDOA estimation using the EM algorithm
S.P. Belanger · IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing · 1993
The author examines the use of maximum likelihood parameter estimation to determine the time- and frequency difference of arrival (TDOA/FDOA) between direct and multipath signals received at a single sensor. The source signal is assumed to be narrowband, and the additive noise is Gaussian with zero mean. An iterative procedure, based on the estimate-maximize (EM) algorithm, is developed. This procedure permits an unknown complex amplitude and the TDOA/FDOA parameters to be estimated in cases where the source signal and noise spectra are a priori unknowns.>