Quantum polarization properties of two-mode energy eigenstates
Anita Sehat, Jonas Söderholm, Gunnar G. Bjork, P.B. Espinoza, A. B. Klimov, Luis Lorenzo Sánchez-Soto · Physical Review A · 2005
We show that any pure, two-mode, $N$-photon state with $N$ odd or equal to two can be transformed into an orthogonal state using only linear optics. According to a recently suggested definition of polarization degree, this implies that all such states are fully polarized. This is also found to be true for any pure, two-mode, energy eigenstate belonging to a two-dimensional SU(2) orbit. Complete two- and three-photon bases whose basis states are related by only phase shifts or geometrical rotations are also derived.