Apple Bruise Damage Estimation Using an Instrumented Sphere
Dale E. Marshall, Gary J. Burgess · Applied Engineering in Agriculture · 1991
Impact damage sustained by an apple depends on the magnitude and duration of the shock pulse to the apple. A double pendulum apparatus was used to swing an instrumented sphere (IS) into suspended apples to generate impact data between the IS and a suspended apple and to relate this to apple bruise size. The impact data was used to correlate peak acceleration and energy absorbed to measured bruise diameter and volume. The results of this technique show that for Empire and Golden Delicious apples, the highest coefficient of determination (R2) existed between bruise diameter and energy absorbed using a third order polynomial fit of the data.