VQ-based digital image watermarking method
Zhe‐Ming Lu, Jeng‐Shyang Pan, Sheng-He Sun · Electronics Letters · 2000
A vector-quantisation (VQ)-based watermarking method is presented which utilises the codebook expansion technique. This method is efficient, provides enhanced security and the watermarked image is robust against the effects of VQ compression. Moreover, the watermark extraction can be performed without the original image. Experimental results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm.