A Method of Computing Bivariate Normal Probabilities
D. B. Owen, J. M. Wiesen · Bell System Technical Journal · 1959
Charts and formulas are presented from which bivariate normal probabilities may be computed. Formulas involving the bivariate normal are given for the solution of a problem of handling errors in testing and measuring. These formulas include, in addition to previously published cases, two new cases. In one, the product is not necessarily centered relative to two-sided specification limits; in the other, one-sided specification limits are considered.