Toward Perceptually Realistic Talking Heads: Models, Methods, and McGurk
Darren P. Cosker, Susan M. Paddock, David Marshall, Paul L. Rosin, Simon K. Rushton · ACM Transactions on Applied Perception · 2005
Motivated by the need for an informative, unbiased, and quantitative perceptual method for the evaluation of a talking head we are developing, we propose a new test based on the “McGurk Effect.” Our approach helps to identify strengths and weaknesses in visual--speech synthesis algorithms for talking heads and facial animations, in general, and uses this insight to guide further development. We also evaluate the behavioral quality of our facial animations in comparison to real-speaker footage and demonstrate our tests by applying them to our current speech-driven facial animation system.