Realization of 4D ladder structured digital filters
M. T. Kousoulis, George E. Antoniou · 2015
This paper introduces generalized circuit and state-space realizations for four-dimensional (4D) ladder structured filters. The proposed 4D circuit realization contains a minimum number of delay elements. In addition the dimension of the state-space vector is minimal. A salient example, simple yet illustrative, of the presented concepts is given.