An algorithm for speaker verification
M. Shridhar, M. Vidalon · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 1976
An analysis of the spectral properties of male speech reveals that most of the spectral energy is distributed in the frequency range of 50–2000 Hz. The authors attempted to develop a computer algorithm for speaker verification that utilized parameters extracted directly from the digitized speech. The original speech signal was sampled at 4 kHz after filtering it with a 2-kHz low-pass filter. The investigations reveal that by the use of low-order linear predictor model a feasible set of parameters could be realized for application to speaker verification. A simple warping procedure modifies the parameter contour of the unknown speaker so that the correlation with the reference contour is maximized. The verification decision was based on the distance of the test sample contour from the reference contour for the claimed speaker. If the distance was less than a fixed threshold, the speaker was accepted. Among all the parameters investigated, the reflection coefficients and the autocorrelation coefficients were found to be the most effective, providing a verification accuracy of 98% for speech, 2 sec in duration, which increased to more than 98% for a duration of 3 sec. In conclusion, a procedure for speaker verification has been developed and it is fairly simple, reasonably fast, and reliably accurate.