Circulant and skew-circulant matrices as new normal-form realization of IIR digital filters
V.C. Liu, Palghat P. Vaidyanathan · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems · 1988
Normal-form fixed-point state-space realization of IIR (infinite-impulse response) filters are known to be free from both overflow oscillations and roundoff limit cycles, provided magnitude truncation arithmetic is used together with two's-complement overflow features. Two normal-form realizations are derived that utilize circulant and skew-circulant matrices as their state transition matrices. The advantage of these realizations is that the A-matrix has only N (rather than N/sup 2/) distinct elements and is amenable to efficient memory-oriented implementation. The problem of scaling the internal signals in these structures is addressed, and it is shown that an approximate solution can be obtained through a numerical optimization method. Several numerical examples are included.>