Resonance frequencies of the recorder (English flute)
Donald H. Lyons · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 1981
The passive resonance frequencies of the alto recorder have been measured and compared with the frequencies of blown notes. The acoustic reactance of the opening from the windway to the tone-generating edge, i.e., the window, was determined experimentally, as a function of frequency over the playing range. The window is found to act like an open extension of the recorder, about 35-mm long for the middle frequency range. A compact theoretical treatment of perturbations from an ’’ideal’’ recorder is given, and used to calculate the blown and passive resonance frequencies. The results of the calculation are compared to the experimental frequencies. The typical deviation between theory and experiment is of the order of 12 cents (0.7%).