Some illumination models for industrial applications of photometric stereo
Yvain Quéau, Jean‐Denis Durou · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · 2015
Among the possible sources of error in 3D-reconstruction using the photometric stereo technique, lighting modeling is often neglected, though it can create a dramatic large-scale bias. In this paper, after recalling the physical definition of a primary Lambertian source (isotropic lightings), we show how to derive a lighting model for several real-world scenarios, including directional lightings, nearby sources and extended planar illuminants. Finally, we show how to calibrate general spatially-varying lightings within a plane, in the case where explicitly modeling the lightings would be tedious.