Voice conversion based on Non-negative matrix factorization using phoneme-categorized dictionary
Ryo Aihara, Toru Nakashika, Tetsuya Takiguchi, Yasuo Ariki · 2014
We present in this paper an exemplar-based voice conversion (VC) method using a phoneme-categorized dictionary. Sparse representation-based VC using Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is employed for spectral conversion between different speakers. In our previous NMF-based VC method, source exemplars and target exemplars are extracted from parallel training data, having the same texts uttered by the source and target speakers. The input source signal is represented using the source exemplars and their weights. Then, the converted speech is constructed from the target exemplars and the weights related to the source exemplars. However, this exemplar-based approach needs to hold all the training exemplars (frames), and it may cause mismatching of phonemes between input signals and selected exemplars. In this paper, in order to reduce the mismatching of phoneme alignment, we propose a phoneme-categorized sub-dictionary and a dictionary selection method using NMF. By using the sub-dictionary, the performance of VC is improved compared to a conventional NMF-based VC. The effectiveness of this method was confirmed by comparing its effectiveness with that of a conventional Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)-based method and a conventional NMF-based method.