Relation between wave-particle duality and quantum uncertainty
Hongyu Liu, Jie‐Hui Huang, Jiangrui Gao, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy, Shi‐Yao Zhu · Physical Review A · 2012
We present a study of the relation between wave-particle duality and quantum uncertainty in a two-path interferometer and derive equalities and inequalities involving the visibility (representing wave-like behavior), the predictability (representing particle-like behavior), and their variances. We experimentally demonstrate that, for a single photon in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, these quantities are related via an equation that connects both duality and uncertainty. This relation holds for the single-photon source prepared either in a pure state or a mixed state.