Interpretation: Document Evidence
Williams Mazzella · Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science · 2009
Abstract The literature dealing with the interpretation of “printed” documents is very limited. The absence of published literature reflects the absence of formal guidelines to help a scientist in assessing the relationship between a questioned document and a printing technology. Generally every printout, independently from the printing technology, may present manufactured characteristics and acquired characteristics (individual characteristics). A logical approach to help the scientist in the formal interpretation of such evidences is to assess the results in a likelihood ratio (LR) format. Three examples aim to show the application of this approach.