Synergistic modalities for human/machine communication
James L. Flanagan · 2002
Natural communication with machines is a crucial factor in bringing the benefits of networked computers to mass markets. In particular, the sensory dimensions of sight, sound and touch are comfortable and convenient modalities for the human user. New technologies are now emerging in these domains that can support human/machine communication with features that emulate face-to-face interaction. A current challenge is how to integrate the, as yet, imperfect technologies to achieve synergies that transcend the benefit of a single modality. Because speech is a preferred means for human information exchange, conversational interaction with machines will play a central role in collaborative knowledge work mediated by networked computers. Utilizing speech in combination with simultaneous visual gestures and haptic signalling requires software agents that are able to fuse the error-susceptible sensory information into reliable interpretations that are responsive to (and anticipatory of) human user intentions. This report draws a perspective on research in human/machine communication technologies aimed at supporting computer conferencing and collaborative problem solving.