Hierarchical Bayesian nonparametric models with applications
Yee Whye Teh, Michael I. Jordan · Cambridge University Press eBooks · 2010
Hierarchical modeling is a fundamental concept in Bayesian statistics. The basic idea is that parameters are endowed with distributions which may themselves introduce new parameters, and this construction recurses. In this review we discuss the role of hierarchical modeling in Bayesian nonparametrics, focusing on models in which the infinite-dimensional parameters are treated hierarchically. For example, we consider a model in which the base measure for a Dirichlet process is itself treated as a draw from another Dirichlet process. This yields a natural recursion that we refer to as a hierarchical Dirichlet process. We also discuss hierarchies based on the Pitman–Yor process and on completely random processes. We demonstrate the value of these hierarchical constructions in a wide range of practical applications, in problems in computational biology, computer vision and natural language processing. Introduction Hierarchical modeling is a fundamental concept in Bayesian statistics. The basic idea is that parameters are endowed with distributions which may themselves introduce new parameters, and this construction recurses. A common motif in hierarchical modeling is that of the conditionally independent hierarchy, in which a set of parameters are coupled by making their distributions depend on a shared underlying parameter. These distributions are often taken to be identical, based on an assertion of exchangeability and an appeal to de Finetti's theorem.