Thermal concurrence mixing in a one-dimensional Ising model
Daniel Gunlycke, Viv M. Kendon, Vlatko Vedral, Sougato Bose · Physical Review A · 2001
We investigate the entanglement arising naturally in a one-dimensional Ising chain in a magnetic field in an arbitrary direction. We find that for different temperatures, different orientations of the magnetic field give maximum entanglement. In the high-temperature limit, this optimal orientation corresponds to the magnetic field being perpendicular to the Ising orientation $(z$ direction). In the low-temperature limit, we find that varying the angle of the magnetic field very slightly from the z direction leads to a rapid rise in entanglement. We also find that the orientation of the magnetic field for maximum entanglement varies with the field amplitude. Furthermore, we have derived a simple rule for the mixing of concurrences (a measure of entanglement) due to the mixing of pure states satisfying certain conditions.