Time Synchronization and Calibration in Wireless Sensor Networks
Kay Römer, Philipp Blum, Lennart Meier · 2005
This chapter reviews time synchronization and calibration for wireless sensor networks. Authors show that time synchronization can be considered as a calibration problem and many observations about time synchronization can be transferred to calibration. They discuss applications of synchronized time in sensor networks, present challenges of sensor networks, and discuss why traditional synchronization approaches fail to meet these challenges. Models of sensor nodes, of hardware clocks, and of communication are presented. Authors then give an overview of the various classes of synchronization and present common synchronization techniques. Next, they examine current synchronization algorithms and present common techniques for evaluating synchronization algorithms and selected evaluation results.