The fundamentals of timing and synchronization for digital communication networks
Robert N. Lorentsen, Richard T. Maloney · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · 1986
The telecommunications industry is evolving toward integrated end-to-end digital communications networks. To keep pace with this evolution the telecommunications professional must have a current understanding of digital communications technology. Fundamental to this understanding is the knowledge of timing and synchronization (T&S) for digital communications networks. This assemblage of studies is presented as a reference. It reviews the fundamentals of carrier, bit, and character synchronization. The concept of time as the basic unit for T&S is developed. Time scales, clocks, and frequency sources used in timing systems are discussed. TIme and frequency distribution services are described, including LORAN-C and NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS). An explanation of time division multiplexing (TDM) and line codes is given. Network synchronization techniques are examined and classified. (Thesis).