Combining Geo‐ SOM and Hierarchical Clustering to Explore Geospatial Data
Chen‐Chieh Feng, Yi‐Chen Wang, C.-C. Chen · Transactions in GIS · 2013
Abstract Geo‐SOMis a useful geovisualization technique for revealing patterns in spatial data, but is ineffective in supporting interactive exploration of patterns hidden in differentGeo‐SOMsizes. Based on the divide and group principle in geovisualization, the article proposes a new methodology that combinesGeo‐SOMand hierarchical clustering to tackle this problem.Geo‐SOMwas used to “divide” the dataset into several homogeneous subsets; hierarchical clustering was then used to “group” neighboring homogeneous subsets for pattern exploration in different levels of granularity, thus permitting exploration of patterns at multiple scales. An artificial dataset was used for validating the method's effectiveness. As a case study, the rush hour motorcycle flow data inTaipeiCity,Taiwan were analyzed. Compared with the best result generated solely byGeo‐SOM, the proposed method performed better in capturing the homogeneous zones in the artificial dataset. For the case study, the proposed method discovered six clusters with unique data and spatial patterns at different levels of granularity, while the originalGeo‐SOMonly identified two. Among the four hierarchical clustering methods,Ward's clustering performed the best in pattern discovery. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the approach in visually and interactively exploring data and spatial patterns in geospatial data.