Low-delay voice conversion based on maximum likelihood estimation of spectral parameter trajectory
Takashi Muramatsu, Yamato Ohtani, Tomoki Toda, Hiroshi Saruwatari, Kiyohiro Shikano · 2008
As typical voice conversion methods, two spectral conversion processes have been proposed: 1) the frame-based conversion that converts spectral parameters frame by frame and 2) the trajectory-based conversion that converts all spectral parameters over an utterance simultaneously. The former process is capable of real-time conversion but it sometimes causes inappropriate spectral movements. On the other hand, the latter process provides the converted spectral parameters exhibiting proper dynamic characteristics but a batch process is inevitable. To achieve the real-time conversion process considering spectral dynamic characteristics, we propose a time-recursive conversion algorithm based on maximum likelihood estimation of spectral parameter trajectory. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves the low-delay conversion process, e.g., only one frame delay, while keeping the conversion performance comparably high to that of the conventional trajectory-based conversion. Index Terms: speech synthesis, voice conversion, Gaussian mixture model, maximum likelihood estimation, time-recursive algorithm. 1.