Quantum bit commitment with misaligned reference frames
Aram W. Harrow, Roberto I. Oliveira, Barbara M. Terhal · Physical Review A · 2006
Suppose that Alice and Bob define their coordinate axes differently, and the change of reference frame between them is given by a probability distribution $\ensuremath{\mu}$ over SO(3). We show that this uncertainty of reference frame is of no use for bit commitment when $\ensuremath{\mu}$ is uniformly distributed over a (sub)group of SO(3), but other choices of $\ensuremath{\mu}$ can give rise to a partially or even arbitrarily secure bit commitment.