On Aristotle's NC and EM Principles in Three-valued Logics ∗
Enric Trillas, Claudio Moraga, Eloy Renedo · 2009
Abstract — By interpreting ‘p is impossible ’ by ‘p is selfcontradictory’, and ‘p is always ’ by‘not p is self-contradictory’, this paper studies which of the three-valued systems of Łucasiewicz, Gödel, Kleene, Bochvar, and Post, do verify the Aristotle’s principles of Non-Contradiction (NC), and Excluded-Middle (EM). Keywords — Systems of three-valued logic, Non-Contradiction, Excluded-Middle.